Final answer:
Compact bone is denser and stronger, while spongy bone has open spaces and is lighter. Compact bone provides support and protection, while spongy bone supports weight distribution.
Step-by-step explanation:
Compact bone is denser and stronger than spongy bone. It can be found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, providing support and protection.
Spongy bone has open spaces and supports shifts in weight distribution. It is lighter and more porous than compact bone, making up the center of bones.
The cells in compact bone are arranged in multiple microscopic columns, while the cells in spongy bone are arranged in a looser, more open network. These differences in cellular arrangement contribute to the contrasting structures of the two bone types.