Final answer:
Catabolism is the process of breaking down complex molecules and releasing energy, while anabolism is the process of building complex molecules and requires energy. Endergonic reactions require an input of energy and have a positive change in free energy, while exergonic reactions release energy and have a negative change in free energy.
Step-by-step explanation:
Catabolism vs Anabolism:
Catabolism is the process by which complex molecules are broken down into simpler ones, releasing energy. Anabolism, on the other hand, is the process of building complex molecules from simpler ones, requiring energy. An example of catabolism is cellular respiration, where glucose is broken down to release energy. An example of anabolism is photosynthesis, where simple molecules like carbon dioxide and water are used to build glucose.
Endergonic vs Exergonic reactions:
Endergonic reactions require an input of energy to occur. These reactions have a positive change in free energy and are non-spontaneous. An example is the process of photosynthesis, which requires sunlight energy. Exergonic reactions, on the other hand, release energy. These reactions have a negative change in free energy and are spontaneous. An example is cellular respiration, where glucose is broken down to release energy.