Final answer:
In translation, an mRNA's codons are read by the ribosome to synthesize proteins, with tRNA's anticodons ensuring the correct amino acids are added. The codon-anticodon pairing is crucial for the accuracy of protein synthesis, which concludes once a stop codon is reached.
Step-by-step explanation:
Understanding Translation & the Roles of Codon and Anticodon
The process of translation involves reading the mRNA code in a ribosome to synthesize a protein. A codon is a triplet of nucleotides on the mRNA that specifies which amino acid will be added to the growing polypeptide chain next. Each set of three bases, forming a codon, corresponds to one amino acid. An anticodon, on the other hand, is a set of three nucleotides that are complementary to an mRNA codon, and it is found on a tRNA molecule that brings the correct amino acid.
Representing the genetic code, codons like AAU code for the amino acid asparagine, and when a stop codon is encountered, it signals the end of the protein synthesis process.