Final answer:
Sfumato is a painting technique that creates a smoky effect by blending colors and tones seamlessly, used by Leonardo da Vinci in the Mona Lisa for a realistic depiction.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term sfumato refers to the technique of oil painting that allows for smooth and almost imperceptible transitions between colors and tones, creating a smoky, atmospheric effect that simulates three-dimensional forms.
Leonardo da Vinci famously applied the sfumato technique in many of his paintings, most notably the Mona Lisa, where it contributes to the enigmatic quality of the subject's face.
The gentle gradation of tones and the absence of harsh lines result in a highly realistic and softly rounded depiction of form, showcasing da Vinci's masterful use of sfumato to create lifelike images.