Final answer:
Abstraction layers in computer science cover understanding from hardware to user interfaces, while computational limits define processing constraints like power, memory, and algorithm efficiency.
Step-by-step explanation:
The concept of "layers of abstraction" in computer science refers to the different ways in which we can understand and interact with a computer. At the physical level, an engineer may see a computer as a series of electronic changes. This is the most granular and detailed perspective, focusing on the hardware and the actual electrical signals passing through the components.
Moving up a level, the design level involves the perspective of a programmer, who sees the computer as a machine running a program written in a specific programming language. This layer deals with software and code abstraction, where programmers use high-level syntax to perform complex tasks without worrying about the underlying hardware specifics. Finally, the commonsense level is from the end-user's point of view, who interacts with the computer for tasks like word processing or solving equations. At this level, the complexity of the computer's operations is hidden, providing a user-friendly interface.
When addressing computational limits, we refer to the boundaries of what can be computed or solved by a computer, based on factors like processing power, memory capacity, and the algorithms' efficiency. These limits can be inherent to the computer system itself or imposed by the current state of technology and understanding of computational complexity theory.