Final answer:
The term often used to distinguish the collection of texts relevant to Judaism from the Christian New Testament is the Old Testament or the Hebrew Bible. It is key to both Judaism and Christianity and rooted in a monotheistic tradition that has influenced many aspects of world culture.
Step-by-step explanation:
Often called the Old Testament, this collection of texts is distinguished from the New Testament, which describes the events of early Christianity. The Hebrew Bible, integral to Judaism, along with a belief in one God, has significantly influenced world culture.
The history and doctrines expressed in these texts are foundational to not just Judaism but also Christianity and Islam, all of which recognize Abraham as a patriarchal figure. The Hebrew Bible is part of Christianity's sacred texts and includes the Torah, revered as the law given to Moses and the Israelites during their exodus from Egypt,
Christianity adds to this the New Testament, wherein followers find the fulfillment of prophecies from the Hebrew Bible through the life of Jesus Christ.Although there are differences in sacred texts among various Christian denominations—for instance, the inclusion of the Apocrypha in the Catholic Bible and the Book of Mormon in the Latter-day Saint
movement—the core belief in the Holy Trinity and the adherence to doctrines such as the Ten Commandments remain central. The influence of the Hebrew Bible and its monotheistic tradition, which began with figures like Abraham and Moses, persists in shaping the religious, cultural, and ethical frameworks of societies that hold Judeo-Christian values.