Final answer:
The institution must cost share an additional $40,000, which is 20% of the $200,000 requested from the agency.
Step-by-step explanation:
If an agency requires 20% of the total project cost as cost sharing, and the proposal is requesting $200,000 from the agency, to find the additional amount that the institution must cost share, you would calculate 20% of the $200,000 request.
This calculation can be done by multiplying $200,000 by 0.20 (which is the percentage in decimal form).
So, the additional amount for cost sharing would be $200,000 * 0.20 = $40,000.
Therefore, the answer is a. $40,000.