Final answer:
The process of applying manual changes to a program is called patching. Patching involves modifying the code or files of a program to fix bugs, add features, or improve performance.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process of applying manual changes to a program is called patching. Patching is the act of modifying the code or files of a program to fix bugs, add new features, or improve performance. It usually involves changing specific lines of code or replacing specific files.
For example, if a software developer finds a security vulnerability in a program, they may release a patch to address the issue. This patch can be manually applied to the program to fix the vulnerability and protect the system from potential threats.
Other options presented in the question, such as hotfix, service pack, and replacement, are related to software updates but have different meanings.