Final answer:
The process of applying a repair to an operating system without needing to restart it is called a Hotfix. Hotfixes are designed to resolve critical issues quickly while ensuring the system remains operational.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process of applying a repair to an operating system while the system stays in operation is known as a Hotfix. A hotfix is typically made available to resolve specific critical issues that cannot wait for a regular update cycle. This might include security vulnerabilities, bugs that cause system crashes, or other serious problems that affect the functionality of the operating system.
other updates or patches, hotfixes are designed to be applied without the need for restarting the system, hence they are crucial for ensuring uninterrupted service. It's important to note that while hotfixes address immediate concerns, they should be followed by proper testing and eventually, integration into regular update rollouts like service packs or major updates.