Final answer:
Dr. John Money believed that (b) socialization is more important than biology in determining gender identity, as shown through the case of David Reimer depicted in the film 'Intersexion.' However, Reimer's eventual identification as male and the negative outcomes associated with his gender reassignment discredited Money's theory and highlighted the need for a more careful approach to gender identity in intersex individuals.
Step-by-step explanation:
From the film Intersexion, we learned about the case of David Reimer and Dr. John Money's involvement in his early life. Dr. Money believed that the most important aspect of someone's gender had to do with socialization. He developed a theory of psychosexual neutrality, which asserted that while we are essentially neutral at birth regarding gender identity, it is the socialization process in early life that plays a pivotal role—rather than biology—in determining our gender identity.
Money's theory was challenged and became highly controversial following the outcomes of Reimer's case. It brought to light the complexities and ethical considerations in handling intersex and gender identity cases, emphasizing the need for caution and respect for individual gender identity development.
David Reimer's story, as detailed in both the film and additional literature, highlights the consequences of adhering strictly to the belief that socialization overrides biological factors in shaping gender identity. After an unsuccessful reassignment, Reimer eventually identified as male, which directly contradicted Money's claims that his case was a success. This tragic outcome fostered a more nuanced understanding of gender, leading to a recognition that biology, personal experience, and cultural context all interact in complex ways to influence gender identity.