Final answer:
The Sysmex determines the number and relative percentages of different white blood cell types using methods such as light scattering and fluorescent staining. Blood smears are stained and analyzed to identify leukocyte types, with abnormalities indicating potential diseases or immune issues. Accurate analysis of WBCs is essential for disease diagnosis and management.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Sysmex is an automated blood analyzer used in clinical laboratories for counting and characterizing white blood cells (WBCs) along with other formed elements in the blood. The aspects of white blood cells determined by the Sysmex include their number and the relative percentages of different types of WBCs such as neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils. To achieve this, the Sysmex uses methods such as light scattering, flow cytometry, and fluorescent staining to accurately count and differentiate the various WBC types.
To perform a differential white blood cell count, or a Diff, a blood smear is typically stained with Wright-Giemsa stain to enhance visibility of the cells. The smear is then systematically scanned to identify and tally the different types of leukocytes. This analysis provides information about the immune status of a person, and deviations from normal values may indicate the presence of an infection or disease. Professionals using the Sysmex or conducting manual counts must be adept at recognizing the various leukocyte types within a blood smear. They construct a table or tally as they scan the smear, classifying numerous cells to determine if a patient's blood cell distribution falls within normal ranges or suggests an abnormality. This process is crucial for accurately diagnosing and managing diseases that affect blood cell dynamics.