Final answer:
Hispanic folk music in the Southwest includes the canción, décima, romance, and corrido, each embodying rich cultural traditions influenced by various social and historical factors.
Step-by-step explanation:
Folk music has been an integral part of Hispanic culture in the Southwest of the United States. Some of the most common forms include the canción, representing a general term for a Spanish or Latin American song often emphasizing storytelling and emotional expression. The décima refers to a specific type of ten-line stanza of Spanish poetry and is often used in traditional Puerto Rican and other Hispanic folk songs. The romance is a type of Spanish narrative verse used in poetry and music.
Finally, the corrido is a popular narrative song and poetry form, a ballad, that was developed in Mexico. These genres collectively embody the rich cultural and musical traditions which have been shaped by both historical and social influences.
Hispanic folk music in places like California and Texas has been influenced by the cultural presence of Hispanics in these areas, providing a unique blend of sounds and storytelling often depicted in their songs. The instrumentation, lyrical content, and performance styles of these genres are heavily influenced by local conditions and the ethnicity of the musicians and their audiences.