Final answer:
Competencies, which are clusters of related knowledge, skills, and abilities, are essential for effective job performance. O*Net provides detailed KSA profiles for various occupations, and employers value transferable skills and conduct evaluations during hiring to assess candidates' fit for the job. Hence, the correct answer is option (3).
Step-by-step explanation:
Clusters of highly interrelated attributes, including knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs), are essential for performing a given job effectively. These competencies are identified through job analyses, which include various aspects like work context, technology skills, necessary education, and desired personality types.
O*Net, a database maintained by the U.S. Department of Labor, is a valuable resource that outlines the KSAs for a wide range of occupations. Employers often look for "transferable skills" that can be applied in various contexts, reflecting a growing emphasis on versatility within the workforce.
During the hiring process, organizations may conduct candidate analysis and testing to assess whether an individual's KSAs align with the job's requirements. This might involve personality tests to gauge fit, as well as assessing job-specific skills through practical evaluations. Investing in honing both job-specific and transferable skills is vital for career development, and staying abreast of industry changes is fundamental. Effective communication, for instance, is a competently regarded skill across all trades and industries.