Final answer:
The most effective method for controlling hazards and their negative consequences is by abating and eliminating the hazard from the workplace, as required by OSHA. This approach is prioritized over training, protective equipment, and enclosing/guarding the hazard.
Step-by-step explanation:
When considering which method is most effective for controlling hazards and their negative consequences, abating and eliminating the hazard from the workplace is the most effective approach. According to OSHA regulations, employers are required to prioritize the elimination or reduction of workplace hazards by implementing feasible changes in working conditions. This may involve switching to safer chemicals, enclosing processes to contain harmful fumes, or using ventilation systems to purify the air. While other methods such as training personnel on safety procedures and requiring protective equipment are important, these are seen as supplementary measures rather than primary solutions. Enclosing or guarding the hazard at its source is also an effective control measure that can be used alongside hazard elimination to ensure a safer workplace.