Final answer:
The path of air from the outermost to innermost parts of the respiratory system begins at the nose, moves through the pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and ends at the alveoli, where gas exchange occurs.
Step-by-step explanation:
The respiratory system is responsible for the process of respiration, which includes the intake of oxygen and release of carbon dioxide. The pathway of air from the outermost part of the respiratory system to the innermost part is as follows:
- Nose (nasal cavity): Air enters the respiratory system and is filtered by hairs and mucus.
- Pharynx: Air passes through this part of the upper throat.
- Larynx: Otherwise known as the voice box.
- Trachea: The windpipe conducts air to the lower respiratory system.
- Bronchi: The trachea splits into left and right bronchi as it enters the lungs.
- Bronchioles: Smaller passages branching from the bronchi.
- Alveoli: Terminal sacs where gas exchange occurs.
As air passes through each of these structures, it is successively filtered, warmed, and moistened to protect the delicate tissues of the lungs. The trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles also have cilia and mucus to trap and expel foreign particles.