Final answer:
The payment described is a deductible, which is the amount the policyholder must pay before insurance coverage starts.
Step-by-step explanation:
The payment described in the question is called a deductible.
A deductible is the amount that the insurance policyholder must pay out of their own pocket before the insurance coverage kicks in. In this case, the patient must pay $400 per year before the insurance company will start covering any expenses.