Final answer:
Job Enlargement and Job Enrichment are techniques used in job design to increase satisfaction and productivity by broadening the scope of job tasks and responsibilities. Theyare key concepts in industrial and organizational psychology, which also involves the creation of detailed job descriptions and specifications for successful employee placement.
Step-by-step explanation:
The subject of this question pertains to a technique of job design in which the tasks related to a single job are increased. This is generally referred to as Job Enlargement or Job Enrichment. Job enlargement involves adding additional tasks of similar difficulty to a job to broaden the scope of responsibilities. In contrast, job enrichment involves adding tasks that increase the level of challenge and responsibility in a job. Both concepts are important in the field of industrial and organizational (I-O) psychology, which deals with matching individuals to tasks and designing jobs that improve employee satisfaction and productivity.
Industrial psychologists often engage in job analysis to develop detailed job descriptions that outline tasks, frequency, difficulty, and importance, as well as job specifications that enumerate the knowledge, skills, and abilities needed for the job. Making use of various job search approaches will enhance employment opportunities, as will creating a job search action plan. Looking through engineering job postings, for instance, one can-note common qualifications such as a degree in engineering or relevant certifications.
When analyzing the structure of modern businesses, it is evident that the division of labor is complex, ranging from simple structures such as a restaurant to a large manufacturing factory or hospital, each with myriad job classifications. The division of labor and specialization in businesses lead to the need for precision in job design and selection processes.