Final answer:
The period between 500-800 is called the Early Middle Ages, marking the start of the Medieval period, characterized by the decline of Roman influence in Western Europe and growth under Islamic rule and the Byzantine Empire.
Step-by-step explanation:
The time period between 500-800 is known as the Early Middle Ages. This era marks the beginning of the Medieval period which stretches from the 5th to the 15th centuries. It commenced with the collapse of the Western Roman Empire and was characterized by political instability, decline in cities, and a transition to a more rural lifestyle in Western Europe. Despite this, regions under Islamic rule and the Byzantine Empire experienced significant growth in trade, scholarship, and urban development.