Final answer:
The coefficient of correlation is a mathematical technique used to discern the relationships between personality variables, such as those in the Five Factor Model which include openness, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism.
Step-by-step explanation:
The sophisticated mathematical technique that describes the extent to which different personality variables are related is known as the coefficient of correlation. This coefficient, developed by Karl Pearson, provides a measure of the strength of association between two variables, which in the context of personality psychology, could be traits from personality assessments. The Five Factor Model, also known as the Big Five personality factors, is a prevalent and respected theory that touches a middle ground between the broad approach of Cattell's 16 factors and the narrow scope of Eysenck's two-factor system. The Five Factor Model includes openness to experience, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. To assess the relationships among these factors, psychologists use statistical techniques such as the coefficient of correlation.