Final answer:
The central registry of operational units within the U.S. Armed Forces and certain foreign organizations is the Status of Resources and Training System (SORTS), which includes the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and Air Force.
Step-by-step explanation:
The automated system in question that serves as the central registry for all operational units of the United States Armed Forces, which includes the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and Air Force, as well as certain foreign organizations, is known within the Department of Defense (DoD) as the Status of Resources and Training System (SORTS). This system is designed to oversee and manage the readiness of military units to ensure they are fully prepared for their operational commitments. The central registry plays a pivotal role in maintaining the organizational structure and oversight of the different branches of the U.S. military and enables the DoD to make informed decisions regarding the deployment and resource allocation for various missions.