Final answer:
Site surveys are conducted during deliberate and cyclical planning, using a structured interview process to gather data on population attitudes, beliefs, or habits at various times and locations to ensure comprehensive and unbiased results. This process is part of the broader research methods used in social studies.
Step-by-step explanation:
Site surveys are accomplished during deliberate and cyclical planning. In the context of social research, surveys are a structured interview process where all participants are asked the same questions. The purpose of these surveys can be to determine the attitudes, beliefs, or habits of a population segment. To conduct an effective survey, it is advantageous to consider multiple factors such as timing, location, and diversity of participants. For instance, surveys can be conducted during different times of the year, using flights to gather data from various locations, and on different days of the week to ensure a comprehensive coverage of the population and to reduce bias.
When planning original research designs, sociologists can choose from various methods such as survey, ethnographic field research, interviews, historical analysis, and content analysis. Surveys happen to be a popular method due to their structured nature, allowing for responses from a large number of subjects to be tabulated and interpreted systematically. After participants are chosen, a specific plan is developed to ask questions and record responses. Subjects must be informed about the survey's nature and purpose. Once their participation is confirmed, they are presented with an instrument to gather their responses.