Final answer:
Comparative advantages and disadvantages such as defensive tactics, military leadership, manpower, and industrial capacity shaped the grand strategies of both the Confederate States and the Union during the American Civil War. The South's skill in defense and leadership was ultimately overcome by the North's resources and mass mobilization capabilities. These factors collectively determined the outcome of the war.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the American Civil War, comparative advantages and disadvantages played a crucial role in shaping how each side approached the conflict. Grand strategies developed were significantly influenced by these factors. The Confederate States enjoyed the advantage of fighting defensively on familiar terrain with the support of the local civilian population. They also had skilled military leaders and troops experienced with firearms and horsemanship. In contrast, while the Union had disadvantages in these aspects, they had more population and industrial might, and a blockade that could stifle the Confederate economy.
Over time, the South's initial advantage in defensive warfare and military leadership were countered by the North's greater resources in manpower and industry, which allowed for mass mobilization and the ability to sustain a prolonged conflict. Moreover, certain factors could have tipped the scales adversely for the North, including a loss of political will, or recognition of the Confederacy by foreign powers.
Understanding these dynamics allows for a clearer perspective on the military strategies adopted by both sides, and ultimately explains why the Union was able to prevail, despite the staunch defense put up by the Confederates.