Final answer:
Jacksonian democracy was a political movement during Andrew Jackson's presidency characterized by expanded suffrage, populist rhetoric, anti-elitism, and the spoils system. These descriptors help to understand its impact on American politics in the 19th century.
Step-by-step explanation:
Jacksonian democracy refers to the political movement that took place during the presidency of Andrew Jackson from 1829 to 1837. It was characterized by the expansion of voting rights to white male citizens, the growth of political parties, and the emphasis on the power of the common man. In order to understand the descriptors of Jacksonian democracy, it is helpful to look at the key aspects of this political ideology.
- Expanded suffrage: One of the main elements of Jacksonian democracy was the broadening of voting rights. Property qualifications for voting were eliminated, allowing more white men to participate in the political process. This led to a more inclusive and participatory democracy.
- Populist rhetoric: Jacksonian politicians used populist language and appeals to gain support from the general public. They presented themselves as champions of the common man and portrayed their opponents as out-of-touch elites. This rhetoric helped to mobilize the masses and build a broad base of support.
- Anti-elitism: Jacksonian democracy was marked by a distrust of elite institutions and a focus on promoting the interests of the working class. Supporters of Jackson believed that political and economic power should be distributed more evenly and that the government should protect the rights of ordinary citizens.
- The spoils system: Another aspect of Jacksonian democracy was the implementation of the spoils system, which involved rewarding loyal supporters with government positions and contracts. This practice, while criticized by some, helped to solidify political alliances and maintain the support of Jackson's base.
These descriptors provide an overview of the main characteristics of Jacksonian democracy and its impact on American politics in the 19th century.