Final answer:
XSS (Cross-Site Scripting)
Step-by-step explanation:
A client-side security misconfiguration that allows a script running within a browser to write data to a client-side cookie is called XSS (Cross-Site Scripting). XSS occurs when a web application does not properly validate and sanitize user input, allowing an attacker to inject malicious scripts into the web page viewed by other users.
For example, if a website allows users to leave comments and does not properly validate the input, an attacker can inject a script that steals users' login credentials and sends them to the attacker's server.
To mitigate XSS attacks, developers should implement input validation and sanitization techniques, such as escaping special characters and using security frameworks that provide protection against XSS vulnerabilities.