Final answer:
The Dutch struggled to establish New Netherland due to the lack of incentivizing factors for emigration, poor management by the Dutch West India Company, and autocratic governance by Peter Stuyvesant.
Step-by-step explanation:
Challenges Faced by the Dutch in Establishing New Netherland
The Dutch encountered several difficulties while trying to establish a settlement in the New World, known as New Netherland. Despite adopting policies such as religious toleration and the importation of African slaves to combat labor shortages, the colony grew slowly. One of the reasons for this was the lack of significant push factors for emigration from the Netherlands.
Furthermore, the Dutch West India Company's (DWIC) management of the colony hindered growth. Arbitrary governance, particularly under the rule of Peter Stuyvesant, created dissatisfaction among settlers. Stuyvesant's autocratic style, especially his persecution of non-Dutch Reformed Church members, and his harsh responses to resident demands for reform, created tension within the colony and reduced its attractiveness to potential settlers.
Additionally, interactions with Native peoples occasionally turned violent due to Dutch demands, and the small population made it difficult to establish a strong defense against external threats, such as the English invasion, which led to the Dutch surrendering New Netherland, which was subsequently renamed New York.