Final answer:
To confirm a child's relation to parents, the child's DNA fingerprint must show similarities to both parents. DNA incorporation into host organisms is verified using molecular markers and observing differences in DNA amounts in fruits aids in understanding genetic variability.
Step-by-step explanation:
Establishing DNA Relationships
To establish that a child is related to his or her parents, the DNA fingerprint of the child must have identifiable similarities to the DNA of both the mother and the father. This is because a child inherits half of their DNA from each parent, which allows for genetic testing to compare the sequences and determine biological relationships.
Verifying DNA Incorporation into Host Organism
To determine if new DNA has been incorporated into a host organism's DNA, a thorough plan including DNA extraction, comparison, and sequencing might be required. Scientists would look for the presence of the external DNA sequence within the host's DNA, often using molecular markers or reporter genes to confirm a successful incorporation.
Analyzing Fruit DNA
When analyzing the amount of DNA extracted from different fruits, it is essential to not only observe the quantity but also to evaluate the reproducibility of the results. Notable differences in DNA amount among fruits might indicate variability in DNA content or extraction efficacy, which can be crucial for understanding genetic studies and biotechnology applications.