Final answer:
The term used in 'Women who Kill: A Sociopsychological Study' for female serial killers who commit premeditated murders for personal gain is 'black widows'. These killers are characterized by their methodical planning, lack of empathy, and motivations rooted in material or financial gain.
Step-by-step explanation:
In "Women who Kill: A Sociopsychological Study" by Cole, Fischer, and Cole, the typology of female serial killers who commit premeditated murder for personal gain is referred to as black widows. This term is used to describe women who methodically plan and execute murders, typically of those close to them, such as spouses or family members, for monetary or material benefit. Unlike other categories that may involve mental illness or compulsion, black widow killers are often seen as cold and calculating, motivated by greed, and may even display traits consistent with sociopathy or psychopathy. It is an important area of study within criminal psychology and criminology.