Final answer:
The statement about a burning match that is an inference is 'Oxygen is being consumed' because it is not directly observable but known through the understanding of combustion.
Step-by-step explanation:
From the options provided, the statement about a burning match that is an inference is C. Oxygen is being consumed. This is because the consumption of oxygen is not something that can be directly observed but is a scientific fact that can be inferred based on the chemical process of combustion taking place when the match burns.
Options A and B are observations because they can be seen directly. Option D is also an observation, as you can physically measure the match getting shorter. In contrast, you cannot directly see oxygen being used in the flame's reaction, but you infer it based on the knowledge that combustion requires oxygen.