Final answer:
The tax infraction with a penalty of 15 percent of the tax owed each month, up to 75 percent, is failure to pay the IRS on time. The progressive income tax structure has increasing marginal rates, where earning $35,000 a year results in a 15% marginal tax rate. Not paying taxes on time under this system leads to significant penalties.
Step-by-step explanation:
The tax infraction that incurs a penalty calculated as 15 percent of the amount of tax owed per month with a maximum penalty of 75 percent is typically associated with failure to pay the due taxes on time. This penalty is imposed by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) as a means to encourage timely payment and discourage non-compliance. Paying late can accrue significant penalties over time, potentially adding up to a substantial amount if the tax remains unpaid.
In the context of the United States, the IRS system is based on a progressive income tax structure, where the marginal tax rate increases with the income level. For instance, an individual earning $35,000 annually would have a marginal tax rate of 15%. This is important to understand because failing to pay taxes properly under this system may result in accumulating penalties based on the unpaid tax according to the marginal rate.