Final answer:
During Reconstruction, the South was rebuilt through the investment in infrastructure, particularly railroads; the establishment of public education; increased funding for social services; and the promotion of a more diversified economy, which included the vision of a 'New South'. Taxes on land and property financed these developments, causing a divided reaction, with some resentment among White landowners.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks about the factors that aided in the rebuilding of the South after the Civil War, a period known as Reconstruction. Reconstruction governments played a crucial role in rebuilding the South's infrastructure. They focused on the rehabilitation of southern railroads which were critical for transportation and economic recovery. Additionally, public education systems were established, welcoming both White and Black students, which laid the groundwork for a more educated population.
Another significant contribution was the increase in funding for social service institutions such as hospitals, orphanages, and asylums. Even essentials like firewood and bread were provided to the poor in some cases. These efforts were financed through taxes on land and property, targeting the economic inequality that was deeply entrenched in the South. These actions reflected a shift towards creating a society with a more equitable distribution of resources.
Furthermore, industrial growth was encouraged, seen through the advocacy for a 'New South' that would combine traditional Southern values with Northern industry practices and the independence of the West. This shift supported the notion that the South could lead in national progress. However, the introduction of land taxes particularly affected White landowners who were frequently cash-poor, leading to a lingering resentment towards Northern policies.