Final answer:
The claim that there are 30,000 genes on each chromosome is false. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes containing a total of about 20,000 to 25,000 genes, not 30,000 genes per chromosome.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that there are 30,000 genes on each chromosome is false. In reality, each of the 23 pairs of human chromosomes contains thousands of genes, but not as many as 30,000. The entire human genome is made up of approximately 20,000 to 25,000 genes, coding for a wide variety of proteins and functional products. These genes determine an individual's genotype and phenotype, which includes visible traits such as eye color, hair color, and other characteristics.
An individual inherits one set of these chromosomes from each parent, which means that the total number of genes across all chromosomes is within the given range, not per chromosome. Thus, while a chromosome can contain hundreds or even thousands of genes, the claim of 30,000 genes on each chromosome is inaccurate.