Final answer:
The fluid mosaic model describes the cell membrane as a fluid combination of phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins, and carbohydrates. Phospholipids form the main structural component, with integral proteins embedded in the bilayer. Peripheral proteins, cholesterol, and glycoproteins/lipids also contribute to the membrane's functions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The fluid mosaic model describes the structure of the cell membrane as a fluid combination of phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins, and carbohydrates.
Phospholipids make up the main structural component of the cell membrane, forming a bilayer with hydrophobic tails and hydrophilic heads.
Integral proteins are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer and can span the entire membrane or partially cross it, acting as transport proteins and receptors.
Peripheral proteins are located on the inner or outer surface of the membrane and support various functions such as cell signaling.
Cholesterol is interspersed within the phospholipid bilayer, providing stability and regulating fluidity.
Glycoproteins and glycolipids extend from the outward-facing surface of the membrane and play important roles in cell recognition and communication.