Question

JD is an 85 year old male whose height is 63 inches and weight is 45kg. Ten years ago his weight was 55kg. His weight loss has been non-volitional and gradual, and he has no major health problems or changes in oral intake. Which of the following statements most appropriately describe JD's weight loss?

1: JD demonstrates a decrease in lean body mass known as sarcopenia, which occurs during the aging process.
2: JD's weight loss is not a normal phenomenon. He should be evaluated for an underlying disease process.
3: JD demonstrates a decrease in fat mass, which occurs with the aging process.
4: JD should be placed on a specialized nutrition support regimen to replace the weight he has lost.

Answer 1

JD's gradual weight loss over ten years is likely due to sarcopenia, which is common in the aging process, but a medical evaluation is necessary to exclude underlying issues before considering a nutrition support regimen.

Step-by-step explanation:

JD, an 85-year-old male whose weight decreased from 55kg to 45kg over a decade without volitional changes, most likely demonstrates a decrease in lean body mass, a condition known as sarcopenia. This age-related loss of muscle mass can lead to reduced strength and consequently less physical activity, establishing a positive-feedback system that further diminishes muscle mass and metabolic rate.

While some weight loss can be normal in the aging process due to changes in body composition and metabolic rate, significant non-volitional weight loss is not typical and could indicate underlying health issues. Hence, JD should receive a careful evaluation to rule out any potential disease processes. A specialized nutrition support regimen might be helpful, but should be considered based on the overall evaluation of his health status.