Final answer:
The combined urinary and reproductive systems are known as the urogenital or genitourinary system, integral in waste excretion, maintaining balance, and facilitating reproduction.
Step-by-step explanation:
When the urinary system and reproductive system are combined, it is called the urogenital system or genitourinary system. These systems are closely integrated and share organs, particularly in males, where the urethra is a part of both urinary and reproductive systems. The urinary system's primary function is to filter blood, excrete wastes, and maintain the body's electrolyte and water balance. In contrast, the reproductive system is responsible for the production and fertilization of gametes (sperm or eggs), and in females, nurturing the development of offspring.
In males, organs such as the testes, epididymis, and vas deferens are components of the reproductive system, with the testes also producing sex hormones that regulate body functions related to reproduction and secondary sexual characteristics. In females, the ovaries produce eggs and sex hormones, with the female reproductive system also providing an environment for developing offspring.
Pregnancy illustrates the integration of various systems, showcasing how the female reproductive system works in harmony with other systems like the cardiovascular, urinary, and respiratory systems to support the development of a fetus.