Final answer:
The term to describe the significant impact of technological breakthroughs on industries and governance is called disruptive technology or disruptive innovation. It leads to the creation and destruction of industries and demands a shift in long-term planning to accommodate the environmental and economic challenges due to finite planetary resources.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term used to describe how the velocity, scope, and systems impact of breakthroughs is disrupting almost every industry in every country and heralds a transformation of entire systems of production, management, and governance is known as disruptive technology or disruptive innovation.
Disruptive technology can create and destroy entire industries, sometimes rapidly, rather than evolutionary. One example is digital photography, which swiftly rendered film-based cameras obsolete.
Similarly, cloud-based storage platforms, ride-sharing services, blockchain, 3D printing, and augmented reality are currently causing significant disruptions.
These technologies not only affect industries but also have a profound impact on broader societal contexts, such as energy, the environment, and economics. They pose challenges as human ambitions increasingly clash with the finite resources of our planet.
this collision course prompts an urgent need to consider the thermodynamic limits of our activities and plan responsibly for a sustainable future. The educational system is another domain experiencing the effects of such disruptive changes, as demonstrated by the transition from local curricula to national educational standards.
From energy production to urban development, the impact of physics and technology also extends to engineering and medicine, affecting everyday life in various ways.
Overall, disruptive technology necessitates a reevaluation and redesign of future societal and individual plans, moving away from a growth-centric autopilot mode toward one that is measured and mindful of limitations.