Final answer:
The Chaldean Empire is sometimes called the New Babylonian Empire because it was a revival and continuation of the ancient Babylonian Empire led by King Hammurabi.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Chaldean Empire is sometimes called the New Babylonian Empire because it was a continuation and revival of the ancient Babylonian Empire. The Chaldeans, also known as the Neo-Babylonians, took control of the western portion of the former Neo-Assyrian Empire and expanded their territory, ruling over Mesopotamia, Syria, and Judah. They rebuilt Babylon and made it the largest ancient settlement in Mesopotamia. This period is referred to as Neo-Babylonian or New Babylonian to distinguish it from the earlier Babylonian Empire led by King Hammurabi.