Final answer:
The Elizabethan government approached poverty through statutory provisions and voluntary donations, considering various societal categories. In the 19th century, opinions on aiding the poor differed, with initiatives like the colony of Georgia being established for debt relief.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Elizabethan government tackled poverty with a layered approach addressing the destitute needing Discipline and sustenance, as well as laborers creating wealth.
The genteel poor, those failing to maintain their social status, and the spiritually rich but materially poor were also considered.
Legislative actions of the time were constrained by narrow definitions of poverty, often excluding those in real need, such as smallholders like shepherds perceived as wealthy due to property ownership, yet struggling to meet basic needs.
In the 19th century, views on helping the poor varied significantly. Samuel Smiles promoted self-discipline and improvement, while Reverend Osborne Jay, after extensive work in poor areas, upheld a belief that the poorest could not change.
The concept that the destitute could redeem themselves through work, as envisioned by figures like James Oglethorpe, led to initiatives like the establishment of the colony of Georgia for the insolvent to start anew as farmers.
William Wordsworth voiced concern over the societal attitudes towards the poor and the implementation of supportive measures. Wordsworth, through his own financial difficulties and writings, advocated for a broader understanding of poverty that includes property owners.
In historical contexts like the Great Famine described by Johannes de Trokelowe, the effects of poverty on daily life were starkly clear, with exorbitant food prices and severe scarcity highlighting societal vulnerabilities.