Final answer:
Therapeutic recommendations for preventing osteoporosis in a postmenopausal 60-year-old woman include adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D, regular weight-bearing exercise, medications as indicated, and lifestyle modifications such as quitting smoking and moderate alcohol consumption.
Step-by-step explanation:
When counseling a postmenopausal 60 year old female patient on prevention of osteoporosis, therapeutic recommendations include a focus on diet, lifestyle, and medication when appropriate. Ensuring adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D is crucial for maintaining bone health. Weight-bearing exercises are recommended as they help build and maintain bone density. It is also advised to eliminate risk factors such as smoking and excessive alcohol consumption. Medications such as bisphosphonates, calcitonin, and estrogen therapy (for women only) may be prescribed, particularly if the patient is at high risk or has already experienced bone loss or fractures.
Removing tripping hazards at home can minimize fall risks, thus reducing the chance of fractures. For hormone therapy (HT), the current guidelines suggest using the lowest effective dose for the shortest possible duration to reduce symptoms of menopause, especially hot flashes, while regular pelvic and breast exams are recommended for monitoring when on HT. Finally, patients are advised to avoid carbonated beverages which can negatively impact bone health.