Final answer:
In ancient civilizations, the lowest social classes were typically composed of laborers like farmers and builders, artisans, and in some cases, specific groups such as slaves or 'base people'.
Step-by-step explanation:
The groups that are always located at the bottom in all ancient civilizations are usually those involved in labor-intensive tasks, such as agriculture and construction, as well as artisans and farmers. Stratification of social classes was a trait of civilizations dating back to early societies such as those in Catal Huyuk, Mesopotamia, the Yellow River Valley, and the Gangetic plains.
Common to these ancient societies was a hierarchy that positioned rulers and religious leaders at the top, while the workers and peasants resided at the bottom, with slaves or 'base people' at the very lowest strata in some societies. As seen in archaeological finds such as tombs and burial belongings, wealth and power were concentrated within a small elite, while the majority of the population held little status or wealth.