Final answer:
Paterson opposed giving larger states more representatives because it would undermine the power of smaller states, arguing for equal representation with the New Jersey Plan to maintain each state's influence and sovereignty in Congress.
Step-by-step explanation:
William Paterson opposed the idea of allowing larger states to have more representatives in Congress because it would grant disproportionate power and influence to those states at the expense of the smaller states. The New Jersey Plan, introduced by Paterson, called for equal representation for all states in a unicameral national legislature, whereby each state would get one vote regardless of its size.
This position was rooted in the belief that the states were independent entities that joined the union freely and should therefore have equal representation. Paterson and supporters of equal representation from smaller states feared that a proportional representation based on population would render them powerless in the legislative process and diminish their sovereignty. Additionally, with equal representation, smaller states would be more effectively protected and have similar legislative influence as compared to larger states.