Final answer:
The major fast days in the Catholic Church refer to Lent, while Ramadan is the major fast day in Islam. The minor fast days in both religions include optional days of fasting.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the Latin Catholic Church, the major fast days refer to Lent, which is a period of preparation and reflection leading up to Easter.
During Lent, Catholics are required to abstain from meat on Fridays and to fast on Ash Wednesday and Good Friday. The minor fast days, on the other hand, are optional days of fasting such as Ember Days and Rogation Days.
In Islam, the major fast day is Ramadan, which is a month of fasting from sunrise to sunset. Muslims abstain from food, drink, and other physical needs during the daylight hours of Ramadan.
The minor fast days in Islam include voluntary fasts such as the fast of Ashura and the fast of the Prophet Dawud (David).