Final answer:
The expiration date or maturity of the option is 20 years, with a strike price of $12 per barrel. This is a call option, with the 20-year Treasury rate used in the valuation formula.
Step-by-step explanation:
The expiration date or maturity of the option in this scenario would be 20 years, which is the period of time the firm has the rights to exploit the oil reserve. The strike price would be $12 per barrel, which is the present value of the development cost. The type of option in this case would be a call option, as the firm has the right to exploit the oil reserve. The interest rate that should be used in the option valuation formula is the 20-year Treasury rate, which is 2.58%.