Final answer:
The melody played by the trumpet soloist in Haydn's Trumpet Concerto is referred to as the solo, which allows the soloist to display their virtuosity and the trumpet's capabilities.
Step-by-step explanation:
In Haydn's Trumpet Concerto, the melody that the trumpet soloist plays is commonly referred to as the solo. A solo in a concerto highlights the technical skills and the expressive capabilities of the instrument, and it typically serves as the centerpiece of the work. The soloist, backed by an orchestra, is given the opportunity to showcase the range, tonality, and agility of the trumpet through the melody they play. In classical concertos, such as Haydn's, these solos often include elaborate passages, scaling runs, and display a keen sense of musical phrasing by the soloist.
Haydn's Contribution to the Trumpet Repertoire
Haydn's Trumpet Concerto is particularly noteworthy as it was composed for a keyed trumpet, which was a new invention at the time and allowed for greater melodic possibilities. This enabled Haydn to explore a wider musical range for the trumpet that was not readily achievable with the natural trumpets of the era. The piece remains one of the most important works in the trumpet repertoire and showcases the instrument's ability to both blend with the orchestral textures and stand out as a distinctive voice.