Final answer:
Barbara's development of shingles is most likely due to her age C) (68), and possibly stress from recent life changes. Shingles result from the reactivation of the latent varicella-zoster virus, not from recent exposure to the virus.
Step-by-step explanation:
The development of shingles in Barbara could be influenced by a few factors, but the most relevant would be her age at 68 years, which is associated with a weakened immune system that can allow the dormant varicella-zoster virus to reactivate.
Stress from life events such as the death of a spouse and the change in living arrangements might contribute to this reactivation. While a new exposure to the varicella virus typically leads to chickenpox, especially in non-immune persons.
It does not directly cause shingles in someone who has previously had chickenpox; instead, shingles result from reactivation of the virus that has been latent in the body since the initial chickenpox infection.