Final answer:
To demonstrate how the moon reflects sunlight, a simple experiment with a round object and a light source can be used to recreate the phases of the moon. A telescope study of the moon's surface can also provide insights into its reflective properties.
Step-by-step explanation:
To show how light reflects off the moon, the best method would be to demonstrate the principles of reflection using a simple experiment. The option that most directly answers this question is using a mirror to reflect sunlight onto a surface. Although it's not practical to reflect sunlight onto the moon's surface directly in the classroom setting, a similar effect can be recreated by taking a small round object like a tennis ball or an orange to represent the moon. You can stand in a dark room or outside at night about 6 feet in front of a bright light, which represents the sun. By moving the ball around your head while ensuring it is illuminated by the light, you can mimic the effect of the sun's light reflecting off the moon. You will see phases similar to those of the moon on the surface of the ball.
Studying the moon's surface composition using a telescope can give insights into why the moon reflects light the way it does, considering its surface is relatively non-reflective compared to Earth's. Astronauts have also placed a corner reflector on the moon to measure its distance, which takes advantage of the moon's ability to reflect light.