Final answer:
The greatest voltage is induced in a conductor moving perpendicular to the magnetic field, following Faraday's law of induction and the Hall effect.
Step-by-step explanation:
The greatest amount of voltage is induced when the conductor is moving perpendicular to the magnetic field. If we consider a rod moving within a magnetic field, as depicted in Figure 23.10, we know that motional electromotive force (emf) is induced due to the movement of the rod inside the magnetic field. According to the right-hand rule (RHR-2), the direction of induced current is given by the orientation of fingers when the thumb points in the direction of conventional current (or motion of positive charges). The voltage, also known as the Hall emf, is induced across the conductor when there is a separation of charge due to the interaction of moving charges within the conductor and the magnetic field. Faraday's law of induction states that an emf is induced when there is a change in magnetic flux, which occurs most effectively when the conductor's motion is perpendicular to the magnetic field lines.