Final answer:
It is true that the amplitude of one wave can be influenced by another only when they are aligned, creating a situation of constructive interference. Amplitude and frequency are independent of each other, and energy is proportional to the square of the amplitude. A standing wave is created by two identical waves that are in phase and move in the same direction.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that the amplitude of one wave is affected by the amplitude of another wave only when they are precisely aligned is true. This principle is known as constructive interference, where two waves in phase and align can add their amplitudes together. When this occurs with identical waves propagating in the same direction, a standing wave can form.
However, wave amplitude is independent of its frequency, as they are different properties of a wave. The frequency is the number of cycles per second, while amplitude is related to the maximum displacement from the rest position. Moreover, the amplitude of a wave is also independent of its speed. Waves can superimpose even if their frequencies are different, which leads to complex wave patterns rather than simple constructive interference.
The energy of a wave is not directly proportional to its amplitude; rather, it is proportional to the amplitude squared. This relationship holds for different types of waves, including sound waves, water waves, and electromagnetic waves, where amplitude relates to different physical quantities depending on the type of wave.