Final answer:
An X-ray badge is a monitoring device used to measure radiation exposure, not to protect against radiation. To reduce exposure to X-rays, shielding, increased distance from the source, and limited exposure time are critical.
Step-by-step explanation:
An X-ray badge, also known as a film badge, does not protect an individual from being exposed to radiation. Instead, the badge is used to measure the amount of radiation exposure an individual has received. The badge contains film similar to dental X-ray film, which is placed between various absorbers that determine the penetrating ability of the radiation and the total amount of exposure. To reduce radiation exposure, one must use shielding, increase distance from the source, and limit exposure time. Proper shielding, like lead or concrete, is necessary to block significant amounts of X-rays and gamma rays, thereby reducing the risk of radiation damage to organs. Overexposure to X-rays can lead to negative health consequences such as cell damage and an increased risk of cancer.