Final answer:
The significant effect of Mansa Musa’s pilgrimage to Mecca was the expansion of Islamic learning and culture in Mali, showcased by the development of Timbuktu into a center of Islamic scholarship. The correct option is B.
Step-by-step explanation:
A significant effect of Mansa Musa’s pilgrimage to Mecca was the expansion of Islamic learning and culture in Mali. After Mansa Musa's hajj in 1324, he returned to Mali with a host of Muslim scholars, architects, and books, which made significant contributions to Islamic scholarship and infrastructure in the region, especially in Timbuktu.
This city became a center for Islamic learning, marked by the construction of the Djinguereber Mosque and the establishment of universities. Mansa Musa's journey also showcased the immense wealth of Mali to the wider world, leaving a lasting impact on Cairo's economy due to the generous distribution of gold.
His pilgrimage emphasized the importance of Islam in the empire and drew significant attention to the wealth and sophistication of his kingdom, fostering an environment where Islamic education thrived.