Final answer:
The correct answer is option (B). Moving from right to left, or down a cladogram is moving back in geological history, as cladograms represent evolutionary relationships back to common ancestors using data from current and fossil species.
Step-by-step explanation:
When you move from right to left, or down a cladogram, you are moving back in geological history. A cladogram is a diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among various biological species based on similarities and differences in their physical or genetic characteristics.
Cladograms are constructed based on data from current species and fossil records. They depict how species have diverged from common ancestors over time. When you move towards the base of the cladogram, you are moving towards the common ancestors of the species represented, which corresponds to a movement back in time.
Phylogenetic trees and cladograms provide insights into the speciation events and the rate at which these events occur. They can do so using relative dating techniques to estimate the times at which speciation events happened.